{"id":10924,"date":"2026-03-06T03:53:44","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T19:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.archimetric.com\/vn\/the-8-lean-wastes-definition-and-how-to-eliminate-them\/"},"modified":"2026-03-06T03:53:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T19:53:44","slug":"the-8-lean-wastes-definition-and-how-to-eliminate-them","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.archimetric.com\/vn\/the-8-lean-wastes-definition-and-how-to-eliminate-them\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed Lean: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u00e1m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed Lean<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Lean hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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L\u00e3ng ph\u00ed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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L\u00e3ng ph\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u01b0\u1edbc hay ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u201d). Khi l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u201d), cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1m lo\u1ea1i l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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    \n
  1. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i<\/strong> \u2013 S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
  2. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/strong> \u2013 S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n.<\/li>\n
  3. Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i<\/strong> \u2013 Th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n
  4. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng<\/strong> \u2013 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
  5. V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong> \u2013 Di chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0y sang n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/li>\n
  6. H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho (ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin) \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh<\/strong> \u2013 T\u00edch tr\u1eef h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
  7. X\u1eed l\u00fd qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/strong> \u2013 Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00f4ng tin ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n do b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9m, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ergonomics ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf s\u00f3t.<\/li>\n
  8. X\u1eed l\u00fd d\u01b0 th\u1eeba<\/strong> \u2013 M\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
    \n

    Sau n\u00e0y, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Lean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Eric Ries \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u201cThe Lean Startup.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \n\"8\n<\/div>\n
    \n

    T\u00e1m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed Scrum<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \n

    N\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Lean<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
    \n

    Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 duy n\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn d\u1eaft vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai Lean d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \n
      \n
    1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, theo t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n
    2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc trong lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n
    3. T\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u01a1n tru v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
    4. Khi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp theo \u1edf ph\u00eda th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n
    5. Khi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 k\u00e9o, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng\u2014n\u01a1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
      \n\"5\n<\/div>\n
      \n

      5 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Lean<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Agile, Lean v\u00e0 Scrum<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
      \n

      Lean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc Agile<\/a>b\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m<\/strong><\/em>\u2014Agile l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con c\u1ee7a Lean, v\u00e0 Scrum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con c\u1ee7a Agile.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n\"Agile,\n<\/div>\n
      \n

      \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:<\/strong><\/p>\n